Research Briefing
This Commons Library briefing paper looks at the process of withdrawing from the EU under Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union. There could be a complex and difficult negotiation lasting two years or more, or the UK could leave without settling its exit terms or its future relationship with the EU.
Research Briefing
How does the UK implement EU law and how many UK laws are there which implement EU law? This paper looks at how the majority of EU directives are implemented in the UK and lists EU-related UK Statutory Instruments.
Research Briefing
Some 5,000 EU regulations apply in the UK, They largely concern technical details required by other EU legislation and are 'directly applicable' in all EU Member States - they don't (generally) need further implementation. What are these laws and what will Brexit mean for them? This Briefing Paper explains what ‘directly applicable’ EU law is, how it applies in the UK, and estimates how many EU regulations are in force. It is one of a series of Library briefings on different elements of the EU acquis and Brexit, and will be updated periodically.
Research Briefing
The EU has over 1,000 external agreements with other countries or organisations, many of which the individual Member States, as well as the EU, have ratified. Many of them concern trade but they cover a range of policy areas and it is not clear what Brexit will mean for the UK's participation in these agreements.
Research Briefing
This reading list collates commentary on the implications of Brexit for policing and criminal justice cooperation and national security.
Research Briefing
This paper gives a brief overview of the issues of concern to the HE sector as a result of the decision to leave the EU and outlines parliamentary debate in this area. The higher education (HE) sector is a major UK industry – it contributes £73 billion to the UK economy, including £11 billion of export earnings. The sector benefits from EU membership in a number of ways such as through the free movement of staff and students and access to research funding - higher education institutions are concerned that they may lose these benefits post Brexit. The Government has put in place some guarantees around funding and students, but the final position of the sector will depend on the result of Brexit negotiations.
Research Briefing
UK investment in public infrastructure in recent years – including roads, railways and energy projects – has been consistently low relative to other advanced economies (see chart below). In his speech at the Conservative Party Conference, the Chancellor Philip Hammond stressed that “We need to close that gap with careful, targeted public investment in high
Research Briefing
The High Court has ruled that the UK Government does not have prerogative power to give notice under Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union for the UK to withdraw from the EU. The Government is appealing to the Supreme Court. Some press reports suggest the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) would have the last word on this. But can the CJEU rule on matters of UK constitutional Law? Many experts believe that the question central to the case, but not ruled on by the High Court, was whether Article 50 notice, once given, could be withdrawn. If it can be revoked, then the argument that Article 50 notice leads inevitably to a loss of rights under the European Communities Act 1972 might not hold. This paper looks at the questions of revocability and referral to the EU Court.
Research Briefing
This note considers the effect of Brexit on the UK in terms of the Brussels IIa regulation concerning cross-border child contact cases, and international child abduction within the EU.
Research Briefing
This short note discusses the interaction between UK and EU employment law; the potential consequences of Brexit; and the Government's position on the issue.
Research Briefing
This Commons Library briefing looks at some of the basic ‘unknowns’ relating to Brexit. The unknowns cover areas such as a role for the UK Parliament and the devolved legislatures in the Brexit process, relations with the EU institutions, the economic impact on the UK, and changes to citizens’ rights.
Debate Pack
This debate pack has been prepared ahead of the Westminster Hall debate on the effect on funding for Wales of the UK leaving the EU, which will take place on Tuesday 25 October at 9.30am.
Research Briefing
Georgia has signed its Association Agreement with the EU and Georgian leaders have described this as a historic chance to return to Georgia’s natural European environment
Research Briefing
This Commons Library briefing paper looks at the situation in a range of policy areas and considers what impact Brexit might have. This will depend, among other things, on the Brexit negotiations, whether the UK stays in the European Economic Area and how the Government fills any policy gaps left by withdrawal.
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