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All briefings

Impartial Commons Library briefings going back to 1993, covering parliamentary bills, Commons debates, topical issues and policy.

  • Constituency casework,Research Briefing

    Overview of the planning system (England)

    Wednesday, 23 September, 2026

    This article gives information on the planning system in England, including how applications are decided and whether planning permission can be overturned.

    • Constituency casework
    • Research Briefing
    • Housing and planning
    • Planning
  • Research Briefing

    Electric vehicle excise duty (eVED)

    Wednesday, 23 September, 2026

    The government is planning to introduce electric vehicle excise duty in April 2028, with legislation to be included in the upcoming Finance Bill.

    • Research Briefing
    • Roads
    • Tax
  • Research Briefing

    Taxation of state pension

    Tuesday, 22 September, 2026

    The state pension is liable to income tax, though pensioners are unlikely to pay tax in practice if their only income is the state pension.

    • Research Briefing
    • Pensions
    • Tax
  • Research Briefing

    Leasehold housing in England: Statistics

    Tuesday, 22 September, 2026

    This briefing explores statistics on leasehold housing stock and transactions, in the context of ongoing reforms to the leasehold system.

    • Research Briefing
    • Home ownership
    • Housing and planning
  • Research Briefing

    Declining pupil numbers in England

    Tuesday, 22 September, 2026

    Pupil numbers in England are expected to decline in the coming years which would have significant policy implications in the management and funding of schools

    • Research Briefing
    • Civil law
    • Demography
    • Education
    • Schools
  • Data dashboards,Research Briefing

    Constituency data: Population, by age

    Tuesday, 22 September, 2026

    Find data for UK constituencies on the population broken down by age

    • Data dashboards
    • Research Briefing
    • Demography
    • Local data
    • People and places data
  • Research Briefing

    Food poverty: Households, food banks and free school meals

    Tuesday, 22 September, 2026

    This paper provides statistics on household food insecurity, food bank usage and free school meals in the UK, and tracks the impact of rising living costs.

    • Research Briefing
    • Children and families
    • Communities
    • Economic situation
    • Environment
    • Schools
    • Work and incomes
  • Research Briefing

    Short Money

    Tuesday, 22 September, 2026

    Short Money is allocated to opposition parties to support them in their parliamentary duties. Allocations are based on a party’s performance at the previous election.

    • Research Briefing
    • Parliament
  • Research Briefing

    Sentences of Imprisonment for Public Protection

    Tuesday, 22 September, 2026

    Sentences of Imprisonment for Public Protection, abolished in 2012, have been widely criticised and the current government has committed to ending them “once and for all”.

    • Research Briefing
    • Criminal law
    • Prisons
  • Research Briefing

    Student numbers: In short

    Tuesday, 22 September, 2026

    The UK student population has grown substantially since the mid-1990s. However, in recent years there has been downturn, partly due to new visa rules for overseas students.

    • Research Briefing
    • Education
    • Higher education
  • Data dashboards,Research Briefing

    Constituency data: Universal Credit claimants

    Monday, 21 September, 2026

    Explore constituency-level data on people claiming Universal Credit in Great Britain using our interactive dashboard.

    • Data dashboards
    • Research Briefing
    • Working age benefits
    • Local data
    • Social security
    • Work and incomes data
  • Research Briefing

    Conscription and national service in the UK

    Monday, 21 September, 2026

    When has the UK had conscription and why are some European countries reintroducing some form of mandatory military service?

    • Research Briefing
    • Armed forces
    • Defence policy
  • Research Briefing

    Domestic energy prices: In short

    Monday, 21 September, 2026

    What are current energy prices? How and why have they changed over time? Does the UK have the highest domestic energy prices in Europe?

    • Research Briefing
    • Energy
  • Research Briefing

    Retrospective taxation

    Monday, 21 September, 2026

    Retrospective tax legislation imposes or increases a tax charge prior to the legislation being introduced. Although this is a controversial practice, retrospective provisions are often introduced to mitigate the risks to the public finances from tax avoidance.

    • Research Briefing
    • Tax
  • Research Briefing

    Changes to UK visa and settlement rules after the 2025 immigration white paper

    Monday, 21 September, 2026

    Frequently asked questions about the UK government's immigration white paper proposals in 2025, including longer qualifying periods for indefinite leave to remain.

    • Research Briefing
    • Immigration

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