The United Kingdom constitution – a mapping exercise
A briefing paper which "maps" (or summarises) the main elements of the United Kingdom's uncodified constitution.
Syria held a presidential election on 26 May 2021, with President Assad securing a fourth term in office.
Syria: 2021 presidential election and future prospects (363KB PDF)
51 candidates had expressed an intention to contest the election, but Syria’s Supreme Constitutional Court permitted just three candidates to stand: incumbent President Bashar al-Assad; Abdullah Salloum Abdullah, a former Cabinet Minister; and Mahmoud Ahmad Mari, the head of a Syria-based opposition party.
President Assad dominated the election campaign, which many opposition figures claimed was a sham. Many in the international community declared the election to be neither free nor fair and denounced its legitimacy.
On 27 May, the day after Syrians voted, the Speaker of the People’s Assembly announced the results of the presidential election; as expected, President Assad secured a fourth term in office with a landslide victory.
The election result is likely to further deepen the Syrian government’s rift with the west and drive Syria closer to Russia and Iran.
Syria: 2021 presidential election and future prospects (363KB PDF)
A briefing paper which "maps" (or summarises) the main elements of the United Kingdom's uncodified constitution.
This paper provides a timeline of the major events in the Ukraine-Russia conflict since the 2022 Russian invasion.
The Northern Ireland Troubles Bill 2024-26 was introduced in the House of Commons on 14 October 2025. It was carried over to the 2026-27 session and is due to be considered by a Committee of the Whole House on 19 and 20 October 2026