UK parliamentary by-elections since 1945
This list notes the number of by-elections by session since 1945-46 and also lists the successful candidate in by-elections since 2005.
MPs standing down from the Commons ahead of the next general election
MPs that have announced they are standing down from the House of Commons ahead of the next general election.
By-election timetables
This briefing explains the timetable for by-elections to the UK Parliament
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Research Briefing
The Privy Council: history, functions and membership
A briefing paper on the history, functions and membership of the Privy Council
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Research Briefing
Female Members of Parliament
This list identifies all the women who have ever been elected to the House of Commons. They are reported election by election, then in the order in which they were sworn in, when more than one MP was elected on the same day.
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Research Briefing
UK Election Statistics: 1918-2023: A century of elections
This Commons Library briefing paper presents an overview of UK election results since 1918. It provides summary results for all elections from 1918 to 2023, giving more extensive details about UK general elections. It also includes elections to the European Parliament, devolved legislatures and local government.
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Research Briefing
Armed Forces Voting
This briefing outlines how armed forces personnel can register to vote and sets out the background to service voting.
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Research Briefing
Recess Elections Act 1975
This briefing explains the provisions of the Recess Elections Act 1975 which allows a writ for a by-election to be moved during a prorogation of Parliament or adjournment of the House.
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Research Briefing
By-elections in the 2019 Parliament
This Commons Library Briefing Paper sets out results of the by-elections held in the 2019 Parliament. Full details are presented in the associated PDF but an overview of the recent by-election results are shown below.
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Research Briefing
Overseas voters
This Briefing Paper provides information on the eligibility to vote in UK Parliamentary elections for British citizens living overseas and the government's plans to end the 15-year rule - it's 'votes for life' policy.
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Research Briefing
Local election 2023: Results and analysis
This briefing summarises the results of the 2023 local elections in England and Northern Ireland, when Labour and Sinn Fein became the largest parties in local government.
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Research Briefing
Dissolution of Parliament
Unless a Parliament runs for a full five years, the King may dissolve Parliament before the expiry of its maximum term. By convention, the King exercises those powers only following a request by the Prime Minister.
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Research Briefing
Devolution in Scotland: “The settled will”?
A briefing paper on the devolution settlement in Scotland
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Research Briefing
Pre-election period of sensitivity
Government and local authority resources cannot be used for party political campaigning at any time. In the run up to an election, the pre-election period of sensitivity, particular care is taken. Government departments and councils will normally observe discretion about making new announcements or decisions that could influence voters.
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Research Briefing
Electoral swing
Electoral swing is a way of comparing the performance of parties at elections. This paper shows how to calculate swing using examples from the 2019 General Election and gives detail of general election swings since 1945 and record by-election swings.
Total results (page 1 of 13)