The United Kingdom constitution – a mapping exercise
A briefing paper which "maps" (or summarises) the main elements of the United Kingdom's uncodified constitution.
This research paper provides the results of the 14 by-elections held during the 2005-10 Parliament.
By-elections 2005 - 2010 (107KB PDF)
Since 2005, 9 of the 14 by-elections have been won by the incumbent party. There has been a net gain to the Conservatives of two seats, after wins in Norwich North, and Crewe and Nantwich; a net gain of one seat to the Liberal Democrats, following a win in Dunfermline and West Fife; and a net gain of one seat to the SNP after victory in Glasgow East. All of these seats were previously held by Labour. Thus, after accounting for their win in Glasgow North East (previously held by former Speaker Michael Martin), Labour saw a net loss of three seats over this period.
By-elections 2005 - 2010 (107KB PDF)
A briefing paper which "maps" (or summarises) the main elements of the United Kingdom's uncodified constitution.
This briefing sets out results of the by-elections held in the 2024 Parliament, including lists of candidates, vote share and voter turnout.
This list reports all the women who have been elected as MPs to the House of Commons, for each election since 1918 and in the order they were sworn in.