Independent Complaints and Grievance Scheme: The Independent Expert Panel
The Independent Expert Panel determines cases against MPs and appeals under the Independent Complaints and Grievance Scheme; and appeals under the MPs’ Code of Conduct.
Documents to download
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Pepper v Hart (49KB PDF)
Following the decision in Pepper v Hart in 1993, if primary legislation is ambiguous or obscure the courts may in certain circumstances take account of statements made in Parliament by Ministers or other promoters of a Bill in construing that legislation. Until that decision, using Hansard in that way would have been regarded as a breach of Parliamentary privilege.
Documents to download
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Pepper v Hart (49KB PDF)
Related posts
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MPs’ changes of party allegiance in the House of Commons since 1979
This list notes when an MP has changed allegiance from one political party to another or decided to sit as an independent Member. Instances of MPs losing or resigning a party whip are also noted.
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The United Kingdom constitution – a mapping exercise
A briefing paper which "maps" (or summarises) the main elements of the United Kingdom's uncodified constitution.
