National Insurance contributions: an introduction
This note gives an introduction to National Insurance system, and the debate there has been about integrating National Insurance contributions (NICs) with income tax.
Getting a National Insurance number (NINO) in Great Britain
Find out how National Insurance numbers are issued in Great Britain and what to do if someone doesn’t have one or can’t find it.
National Insurance numbers (NINOs)
This note discusses the process by which National Insurance numbers (NINOs) are allocated and the uses to which they are put.
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Research Briefing
Direct taxes: Rates and allowances for 2025/26
The new tax year started on 6 April 2025. Direct taxes’ rates and allowances were confirmed in the 2024 Autumn Budget. These are taxes paid directly by the taxpayer to the government.
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Research Briefing
National Insurance Contributions (Secondary Class 1 Contributions) Bill 2024-25: Progress of the Bill (Lords stages)
The House of Lords agreed to several amendments to the National Insurance Contributions (Secondary Class 1 Contributions) Bill 2024-25. The consideration of the Lords' amendments in the Commons is scheduled to take place on 19 March.
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Constituency casework
Getting a National Insurance number (NINO)
Find out how National Insurance numbers are issued in Great Britain and what to do if someone doesn’t have one or can’t find it.
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Research Briefing
Autumn Budget 2024 and Finance Bill 2024-25: Progress of the Bill
The Budget was delivered by Chancellor Rachel Reeves on 30 October 2024. The Finance Bill 2024-25 received its second reading on 27 November.
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Research Briefing
Impact of planned changes to employer National Insurance contributions on police forces
On Wednesday 11 February 2025 there will be a Westminster Hall debate on the impact of planned changes to employer National Insurance contributions on police forces. The debate will start at 4.30pm and will be led by Esther McVey MP.
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Research Briefing
Rising cost of living in the UK
This briefing covers rising prices including food and energy inflation, Government support, and how the cost of living affects households.
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Research Briefing
National Insurance Contributions (Reduction in Rates) (No.2) Bill 2023-24
The National Insurance Contributions (Reduction in Rates) (No.2) Bill 2023 [Bill 174 of 2023-24] was introduced on 7 March 2024.
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Research Briefing
Direct taxes: rates and allowances for 2024/25
The 2024/25 financial year began on 6 April 2024. The direct tax rates and principal tax allowances for this year were confirmed in the 2024 Spring Budget.
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Research Briefing
National Insurance Contributions (Reduction in Rates) Bill 2023-24
The National Insurance Contributions (Reduction in Rates) Bill [Bill 12 of 2023-24] was introduced on 23 November 2023.
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Research Briefing
Research on the increasing cost of living and inflation
House of Commons Library publications on the rising cost of living in the UK, including causes of inflation, the effect on households, and Government support.
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Research Briefing
Health and Social Care Levy (Repeal) Bill 2022-23
The Health and Social Care Levy (Repeal) Bill 2022-23 [Bill 155 of 2022-23] was introduced on 22 September 2022.
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Debate Pack
Health and Social Care Levy
On 22 September 2022 the then Chancellor Kwasi Kwarteng announced that the Government would cancel the Health and Social Care Levy.
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